Governança hídrica e a escassez de água: uma análise no semiárido paraibano (2012-2018)

Abstract

Analising the water governance for adaptation to climate variability is of fundamental importance to understand periods of scarcity and how much water availability is influenced by its management. The brazilian Semi-arid presents natural conditions characterized by its climate variation, seting up a scenario of vulnerability and verifying historical extreme events, so that, the present study is based in the period of 1997 until 2018. Approaching the socioecological structure, variables and interactions, that involves the state of Paraíba’s reservoirs, sought, in reference to the policies and plans for water resources and their Management Syshtems, through an institutional diagnosis, examine documents, investigate administrative acts, and as Epitácio Pessoa’s reservoir, located at the municipality of Boqueirão, water body conjuncture over time. With the developed analysis about the institutional principle “Clearly Defined Boundaries” designed originally by Elinor Ostrom, for goods in common use, it was considered its structural applicability, for adaptation to climate change. Indicated as the principal region problem, the drought is determined by natural causes, but its impacts are aggravated by the governance’s deficiency. This question is evidenced in the results obtained by this work, in which it is evident water withdrawals higher than the regulatory flow and failures in the supervision process, requiring itself adopt rationing measures at the supply and suspension of many uses of water in crisis periods. Points-if the management system existent duty of execution, with the rules, standards and devices stablished effectiveness, acting to implement accurately the resources’ water politic. The desinvolved work provides a governance evaluation, giving the opportunity to the institutional strengthening, with utility to trace mechanisms that meet the adaptive process to climate variability, and to identify water management problems in other systems that presents water scarcityvulnerability.