DETERMINAÇÃO DE TEMPERATURA ÓTIMA E pH ÓTIMO DAS CELULASES PRODUZIDAS POR PENICILLIUM SP. FSDE 15.

Abstract

Cellulases are enzymes produced from different types of microorganisms, such as fungo and bacteria. They are used in the food, pulp and paper industry, waste management, detergents,

among others. However, an emerging application is in the production of biofuels from agro- industrial residues, rich in lignocellulose, and several studies have been developed to obtain

suitable enzymes for this process. Thus, this work aimed to characterize the cellulase enzymes produced by the funguspenicillium sp. FSDE 15 in solid state fermentation in a medium composed of corn cob and wheat bran, in order to determine the temperature and optimal pH for the performance of the CMCases, FPases and AVICELases enzymes. The fermentation process to obtain the enzymes was carried out according to the most suitable conditions mentioned in the literature. The optimal temperature was determined from the analysis of activity with pH fixed at 4.8 and temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90°C. The optimal pH was determined by keeping the temperature fixed at 50°C and varying the pH at values of 2.88; 3.84, 4.8 and 6.2. The results showed that the cellulase enzymes produced by the fungus Penicillium sp. FSDE 15 have good temperature tolerance and low pH values. The CMCases and FPases enzymes showed an optimal temperature at 50 °C. The avicelases had an optimal temperature of 40°C. In addition, the enzymes still showed activity, although with a lower value, at a temperature of 90 °C. The test to determine the optimal pH showed that the enzymes perform better at acidic pH. A value of 3.84 was found as the optimal pH for the activities of CMCases and AVICELases and 2.88 for FPases. The cellulases present in the crude extract of the fungus Penicillium sp. FSDE 15 demonstrated adequate pH and temperature characteristics for application in enzymatic hydrolysis processes of lignocellulosic materials. 84 as the optimal pH for the activities of CMCases and AVICELases and 2.88 for FPases. The cellulases present in the crude extract of the fungus Penicillium sp. FSDE 15 demonstrated adequate pH and temperature characteristics for application in enzymatic hydrolysis processes of lignocellulosic materials. 84 as the optimal pH for the activities of CMCases and AVICELases and 2.88 for FPases. The cellulases present in the crude extract of the fungus Penicillium sp. FSDE 15 demonstrated adequate pH and temperature characteristics for application in enzymatic hydrolysis processes of lignocellulosic materials.