Aspectos clínicos, ultrassonograficos e patológicos do carcinoma renal em dois cães

Abstract

Renal neoplasm is a rare condition in veterinary medicine, representing only about 1% of neoplasms in dogs. This tumor is classified according to its epithelial, mesenchymal or embryonic origin, with emphasis on epithelial origin. Among epithelial neoplasms, renal carcinoma represents the main primary renal neoplasm in dogs. Renal carcinomas are characterized by being mostly large and firm tumors, and may present yellowish, hemorrhagic and necrotic areas. They are usually unilateral, and are more frequent in male, elderly dogs, with no racial predilection being observed, with the exception of German Shepherds who may have a hereditary cancerous syndrome. The present work aims to describe two cases of renal carcinoma in two female dogs, a 10-year-old mixed breed (SRD) and an 11-year-old German Shepherd. Both had hematuria as the main clinical sign. The first animal presented in laboratory tests only an increase in alkaline phosphatase, and in ultrasound examination a tumor mass in the topography of the left kidney. An exploratory laparotomy was indicated, and with that, a nephrectomy was performed, which was surrounded by the tumor mass. The kidney measured 21.0 x 15.0 x 10.0 cm, and weighed 2 kg. The animal had a good postoperative period, but died a few months after surgery, the cause of death is unknown. The second animal presented in laboratory tests leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, urea, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase (AP) increased, in the ultrasonography a large tumor mass was visualized in the topography of the left kidney and in the topography of the right kidney, being referred to exploratory laparotomy, the kidneys were were surrounded by a large tumor mass, in addition to multiple cysts. Due to the unfavorable prognosis, euthanasia of the animal was chosen. Concluding that it is a difficult disease to diagnose, in addition to having a scarce literature on the subject, which worsens its prognosis.