O efeito das mudanças climáticas futuras sobre a propagação do canto de anúncio de anuros da Caatinga e Mata Atlântica

Abstract

Global warming is a current problem that affects all living beings on the planet, especially ectotherms, such as anurans. Temperature directly influences the acoustic behavior of these individuals, who use the advertisement call for communication and selection of reproductive partners. The present study aims to investigate the effect of climate change on the propagation of anuran advertisement calls, comparing the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest biomes in future climate projections. The global comparison of atmospheric absorptions between the climate scenarios revealed that there is a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest, in all periods (historical data, 2040 and 2080), and the Caatinga presented the higher values of atmospheric sound absorption. In addition, when we compared the biomes and climate scenarios individually for each species, we found that, twelve of the fourteen species studied, atmospheric absorption was higher in the Caatinga and only two species had no difference. Among 14 species, Physalaemus cuvieri and Rhinella granulosa, showed a significant increase in atmospheric sound absorption in all climate scenarios and both biomes, being higher in Caatinga. This demonstrates that some species are more susceptible to having the propagation of their advertisement call compromised, possibly affecting their communication and reproduction.