Dermatite piogranulomatosa idiopática em cão

Abstract

Idiopathic pyogranulomatous dermatitis is characterized by being an ulcerative pyogranulomatous dermatitis with exposure of pyogenic exudate. Its lesions can be localized or generalized, with rare frequency in the clinical routine. This dermatopathy affects dogs and cats, and its etiopathogenesis has not been elucidated. These characteristics lead to an immune-mediated syndrome, due to the absence of a mediating pathogen. The diagnosis is meticulous and difficult, being reached after excluding other diseases with similar lesions. Findings of the histopathological examination, give full direction to this dermatopathy, highlighting in his sample an infiltrate of inflammatory cells, these being macrophages and neutrophils. This paper reports the case of Minie, four years old, canine, Lhasa Apso, 5.4 kg, who was attended at UNIPET Clinica Medica Veterinária, located in the city of Guarabira - PB, affected with idiopathic pyogranulomatous dermatitis. On physical examination, nodular lesions were found in the upper right eyelid and ventral portion of the abdomen, firm in appearance, well demarcated with surrounding tissue, non-itchy and of varying sizes. Several complementary exams and histopathological analysis were performed, using the routine technique using hematoxylin and eosin dyes and periodic acid-Schiff, which ruled out the presence of pathogens, neoplasms and fungi. The histological nature helped in the diagnosis of idiopathic pyogranulomatous dermatitis. His therapy consisted of corticosteroid therapy and immunomodulators for an indefinite period, which is of paramount importance for the patient's clinical success. She used the drug prednisolone 1mg/kg as a corticoid, with a dose of one tablet, orally, every 24 hours, in presentation with 5mg and as an immunomodulator, the drug cyclosporine 5mg/kg orally, every 24 hours as an immunomodulator, in order to avoid and prevent deleterious effects. This treatment persisted until total remission of the lesions, being fully responsive and excluding the possibility of surgical resection of the lesions.