Análise do efeito dos polimorfismos RS266729 do ADIPOQ e RS7539542 do ADIPOR1 sobre parâmetros clínicos, bioquímicos, antropométricos e do estresse oxidativo em diabéticos tipo 2

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease of complex and multifactorial etiology characterized mainly by insulin resistance and persistent hyperglycemia. Adiponectin is an “anti-diabetic” protein that attenuates insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation. The molecule's metabolic activity is mediated by binding to the adiponectin 1 receptor. The rs266729 polymorphism is a genetic variant found in the adiponectin gene and rs7539542 is a polymorphism located in the adiponectin 1 receptor gene, both variants affect transcription and expression of adiponectin and its receptor respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the rs266729 and rs7539542 polymorphisms on clinical, biochemical, anthropometric and oxidative stress parameters in type 2 diabetics. The study consisted of 107 diabetics recruited from the University Hospital Lauro Wanderley. Blood and urine samples were used to determine biochemical parameters and oxidative stress, anthropometric variables were determined by nutritionists, chronic complications were diagnosed by hospital physicians, and arterial hypertension was self-reported. DNA was extracted from leukocytes, and the genotypes of polymorphisms determined by the PCR–RFLP technique. The results indicated that the CG genotype of rs266729 is associated with arterial hypertension and lower levels of total antioxidant capacity, while GG carriers had higher glycated hemoglobin. The rs7539542 and the simultaneous association of rs266729+rs7539542 showed no influence on the studied variables. In this way, important information is added in the genetic context of diabetes and adiponectin.