Quem tem teto de vidro, que atire a primeira pedra: discriminação de gênero no mercado de trabalho sul-coreano

Abstract

The present analysis deals with gender discrimination in the South Korean labor market, with the aim of analyzing gender discrimination in South Korea according to women's educational level and type of occupation, in order to observe the roots for such inequality, through a qualitative-descriptive approach and the presentation of data. The development chapters address, firstly, the history of national education towards school parity between genders and the female search for credentials that raise their professional qualifications and allow them greater bargaining power in the market. Accordingly, the gender inequalities suffered in the labor environment are talked about, manifested through occupational sex segregation and gender wage gap, in addition to the increase in precariousness of female work and the increase in numbers of labor informality among women. In addition, the minuscule insertion of women in positions of power, such as managerial, administrative or high-ranking positions, points to the existence of a glass ceiling, that is, an invisible barrier that prevents women from progressing professionally. Moreover, such disparities are deepened in view of South Korea's cultural heritage, such as the influence of Confucianism on informal networks, customs, norms, institutions and even government policies, causing marriage and motherhood penalties for women. The study shows that although South Korean women currently obtain higher education than men, they are still considered second-class citizens and are primarily distinguished as domestic workers, mothers and caregivers, suffering prejudice in the workplace during the stages of recruitment, hiring, promotion and lay-offs, due to gender discrimination perpetuated nationally because of social and cultural roots.