Inovação tecnológica em desempenho humano: desenvolvimento do Dispositivo de Compressão Apendicular (DICA) para o método de Restrição de Fluxo Sanguíneo (RFS) comparado com instrumentos de padrões similares

Abstract

Blood flow restriction (BFR) is a method that requires external compression of the proximal region of the appendicular skeleton with tourniquets and can be used both with the individual at rest and with the practice of physical exercise. It has been applied as an alternative to exercise with high loads, effective for increasing muscle strength and endurance, hypertrophy, cardiorespiratory capacity, physical rehabilitation processes, people with limitations in the execution of physical movement, serving clinical populations, and, others. Generally, the method of applying the method and the equipment generate knowledge gaps, especially considering the high burden, and difficult access for the public and/or private sectors of physical practice. Thus, the problem question arose: will developing and validating a similar, accurate instrument for application in the RFS provide parameters of aerobic performance and muscle strength when compared to other equipment used? In the hypothesis that a device developed and validated to apply together with the method is effective and capable of making this technique popular. Thus, this study aims to develop and validate a device for appendicular compression (DICA) for upper limbs. This is a quantitative, applied, instrumentation methodological, clinical, and experimental research carried out in two stages: 1) development of the technical proposal for the creation of the instrument; 2) Comparison between instruments: concordance and reliability of the compression device. Initially, a test was applied to verify the normality and another for the homoscedasticity of the data. The information on the anthropometric and hemodynamic characteristics of the participants of all phases was expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The intraclass correlation coefficient was proposed to calculate the reliability of the measurements and to analyze the agreement between the devices, the analysis of the Bland and Altman graphs was used. The significance level adopted was p < 0.05. The software used for data analysis was Graphpad Prism version 8.0 and SPSS 20. The device developed has good reliability in measurements of the auscultatory pulse in the intra-examiner assessment (ICC: 0.878: CI 95% 0.70-0.95; 0.861: CI 0.66-0.94; 0.816: CI 0.57-0 .92) and between raters (ICC: 0.884 CI 0.76-0.94; 0.830: CI 0.66-0.91). Regarding the validation between the DICA and RIESTER, the auscultatory pulse in the lying posture showed a mean difference in the right and left arm respectively: -2.58 and 0.33 mmHg in the left, in the sitting posture -3.16 mmHg and 0.91 mmHg respectively. TIP and MERCURY COLUMN: mean difference of 16.67 and 26.47 mmHg in the lying position and 12.06 and 22.36 mmHg in the sitting position. The development of an equipment with technological innovation is concluded, thus being called appendicular compression device (DICA), which can be used in the upper limbs as a material resource in the training of blood flow restriction.