Atuação precoce da Fisioterapia no desenvolvimento motor na prematuridade extrema: um relato de caso

Abstract

Premature newborns, due to the immaturity of their organs and systems, can trigger several problems resulting from their difficulty in extrauterine adaptation, even affecting the normal motor development of babies, causing a delay in assuming their normal functions. . Early stimulation in these babies is an essential factor when it comes to encouraging the motor, sensory and cognitive development of these babies. In this way, children can more effectively monitor their normal pace of development without any sequelae, that is, harmful to their growth, but for the treatment to be effective, it is essential that this delay is identified from the first months of the baby's life and for that, a thorough evaluation is necessary. The objective is to verify the effects of applying an early stimulation program appropriate to the child's age on their motor development and what response is obtained throughout the duration of the treatment, aiming at the inclusion of family participation in the therapeutic process. This study has a descriptive, exploratory character within a qualitative approach based on an individual case study using neuropsychomotor assessment instruments and an individualized therapeutic plan, highlighting the motor milestones in motor development. The sample involved in the research consisted of a child born at 30 weeks of gestational age (GA), classified as extreme premature, with risk of delay in Neuropsychomotor Development. It was observed that the child made significant gains in all of his/her development and reached the goal of acquiring typical developmental patterns in view of his/her chronological age. In addition, it was also possible to show the importance of family participation and how this interaction between the child and the family is significant throughout the therapeutic process.