Histórias de crianças vítimas de abuso sexual: uma compreensão à luz da fenomenologia

Abstract

The sexual abuse of children is an act of violence that occurs when an older person uses a child for sexual gratification. Is a global problem with increasing incidence rates, especially against children between zero to nine years. Thus, this study sought through a phenomenological vision understand the phenomenon of sexual abuse in its entirety, i.e. the meaning that individuals attach to their experience of life, especially with regard to sexual abuse. That said, the present study aimed to understand the narratives of children victims of sexual abuse in light of Phenomenology. Participated in this study three sisters sexual abuse victims, aged five, nine and fifteen years. The participants reside in a host institution located in the city of Guarabira, PB. For data collection was used an institutional record sheet, an interview with semi-structured socio-demographic questionnaire and a roadmap. Conducted a Bardin's content analysis. The results of institutional records showed that the participants were physically abused by his stepfather, the girls were sisters on his mother's side, every one of them was the daughter of different parent. The results of the interviews revealed that, with respect to the family, the representations are anchored in ill-treatment, in the sense of sadness and memories of sick people. As the institution in which they are inserted, the participants represented as a place where they feel good and are happy. About school, representations were anchored in a satisfactory treatment and a space that promotes changes in their lives. With respect to the facts of life (present, past and future), the girls demonstrated joy with new life, Miss family and desire to return to their former home, and sadness because of the violence they suffered. As for the secret, the participants they anchored the representations in fear, hope and life-changing. It is concluded that sexual abuse in children and adolescents leave deep scars in life and that, to help them overcome this violence, it is essential to develop studies aimed at interventions that help the victims rebuild their memories and embarked on a new story.