EMERGÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE SOJA SUBMETIDO A ADUBAÇÃO MINERAL E DOSES CRESCENTES DE BIOFERTILIZANTE BOVINO

Abstract

Soya (Glycine max L.) is one of the most cultivated and consumed monocultures in the world. In Brazil, the 15/16 harvest obtained about 33 million ha, the second largest grain production in the world, generating a direct impact on the economy. In order to continue in the with high productivity, the techinique of increasing organic matter assumer importante function in the soil. Biofertilizer, which is a liquid effluent resulting from the aerobic or anaerobic fermentation of pure or mineral supplemented organic products, which can be used in agriculture for various purposes, Thus benefiting the soil, plant and environment system. Considering the above, the objective of this work is to evaluate the germination and initial vegetative growth of soybean varieties in treated soil with increasing levels of biofertilizer, in the presence and absence of mineral fertilization. The work was carried out in the environment of the Department of Soils and Rural Engineering, belonging to the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Paraíba located in the city of Areia - PB. The treatments were randomized blocks with three replicates, in a 3 x 2 x 5 factorial scheme, with three soybean varieties (FTR 3190-IPRO, FTR 1186-IPRO and FTR 1192-IPRO), presence and absence of mineral fertilization and five Doses of biofertilizer (0, 30, 50, 70 and 90 m3.ha-1), totaling 90 experimental plots for evaluation. The fertilization consisted of the application of simple superphosphate and potassium chloride in the dose of 4.5 and 0.31 g.plot-1. The variables analyzed were plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, root length, root diameter and germination speed index. Data were submitted to analysis of variance. For the biofertilizer doses the polynomial regression method was used and the means of soybean varieties and mineral fertilization were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. No significant effects of the biofertilizer were observed on germination and initial growth. The results with fertilization showed higher aaverages in: plant height; diameter of stem, leaf área, root length, less in root diameter, where it presented better average without fertization. Therefore the biofertilizer does not interfere in the germination and growth of the varieties FTR 3190-IPRO, FTR 1186-IPRO and FTR 1192-IPRO until the V4 stage, being the varieties benefited by the mineral fertilization.