DINÂMICA POPULACIONAL DE MOSCAS-DAS-FRUTAS (Diptera: Tephritidae) E PARASITOIDES EM POMARES DOMÉSTICOS NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE BANANEIRAS E BORBOREMA – PB

Abstract

The fruit industry in Brazil is considered one of the largest in the world, standing out as the third largest fruit producer, with an estimated production of more than 42 million tons. However, the production destined for the foreign market is very low, due to the low technological level used in the cultivation of the fruit trees added to the phytosanitary problems that directly reflect in the quality of the fruits. Infestation by fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered to be the major obstacle in the production, commercialization and export of fruit, characterizing itself as one of the biggest pests in the country. The aim of this study was to evaluate quantitatively the biodiversity of Tefritídeos and the occurrence of parasitoids associated to domestic orchards in the municipalities of Bananeiras and Borborema - PB. The fruits were obtained through biweekly collections in domestic orchards, preferentially picking ripe fruits or at the beginning of maturation, differentiating fruits of soil and plant. The monitoring of adult fruit flies was carried out using traps constructed from two-liter pet bottles containing as an attractive food 300 ml of aqueous solution of hydrolyzed protein at 5%. A total of 1,137 fruit flies were captured in the traps and fruits, seven of them belonging to the genus Anastrepha: A. fraterculus, A sororcula, A. obliqua, A. distincta, A. antunesi, A. zenildae and A. Barbiellinii and one belonging to the genus Ceratitis: C. capitata. A. fraterculus was the most dominant and constant species in both cities, fruit availability was the factor that determined the population peaks and the level of natural parasitism was considered relatively low.