Sexismo em campo e nas arquibancadas: vivência de atletas e torcedores da Paraíba

Abstract

This work presents an analysis of the presence of sexist stereotypes among fans and athletes from Paraíba. The objective is to understand how issues related to gender and social stratification are manifested in this audience. Characterized as a qualitative research, with a descriptive-explanatory typology and transversal temporal cut, it had as a universe: 14 athletes and 50 football fans from Paraíba, divided equally by sex. In this research, through two questionnaires, the athletes exposed the perspectives, as well as the experiences arising from the practice of professional football, which were associated with the experiences of the investigated fans. Data from this study were obtained through two questionnaires and analyzed using the technique of discourse analysis. The subjects' reports pointed out possible sexist causes that lead to female resistance and/or absence in this modality, and consequently, became the basis for the production of this work. In this study, it was possible to identify that the sexist culture still persists in the state. The lack of socio-affective support for women, as well as the social confrontations experienced by them, in addition to the male hegemony in the modality, were some of the factors that evidenced this situation. In addition, prejudice, masculinization and other stereotypes were naturally attributed to women who were involved in soccer just for playing or enjoying the sport. Through the explanation of the results obtained, we aim to contribute with new visions about football in Paraíba, especially regarding the female presence in the stands or on the lawns. In addition, we aim to provoke a critical reflection among athletes and fans about the reasons for sexism in this context, as well as possible changes in conduct to end these tensions.