O papel do mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo (MDL) no desenvolvimento e inovação tecnológica do setor eólico brasileiro

Abstract

In view of the urgency of actions aimed at reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, especially with regard to the role that technologies, mostly considered within the energy sector, could play in mitigating the effects of climate change, in the present work the research focused on the projects implemented through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in order to analyze what role this mechanism played in the transfer, development and innovation of renewable technologies in Brazil. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain a general picture of the projects implemented worldwide and to analyze the panorama of the projects implemented in the country, as well to understand the CDM as a potential technology transfer tool and to understand the role of the CDM in the development and national technological innovation in the manufacture of wind turbines. Then, a qualitative research is carried out, based on empirical data, proposing an exploratory analysis of the literature that addresses the issue of technology transfer through the CDM, also considering documents and reports from the UNFCCC and the main international institutions linked to the climate change regime as well as applied research through a survey. Therefore, it appears that the CDM, as a market mechanism, was not the main tool responsible for the development and innovation of renewable technologies to Brazil, however, it can be seen that it proved to be effective in stimulating technology flows to the country, potentially contributing to the increase of foreign wind turbine manufacturers in its territory.