Salinidade hídrica e cobertura plástica no solo sob o crescimento do maracujazeiro-azedo enxertado

Abstract

The Northeast region is the largest producer of passion fruit in Brazil, but with yields well below the crop's potential. This scenario is the result of the use of genotypes not adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region associated with the quality of irrigation water which presents, in many cases, an excess of soluble salts, becoming one of the main limiting factors to the growth, development and production of the brand fruit tree. -sour. Therefore, the research was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of using the passion fruit tree (Passiflora cincinnata) as a rootstock and mulching with plastic film on the soil on the initial growth and number of productive branches of the sour passion fruit tree. “Guinezinho” access irrigated with moderately saline water. The treatments were organized into subdivided plots in a 2 × (2 × 2) factorial scheme, with four replications and three plants per subplot. The main plot referred to the irrigation of plants with water of low salinity (0.5 dS m-1) and moderate salinity (4.5 dS m-1) and the subplots referred to the sour passion fruit “Guinezinho” accession propagated by seed and grafted on the wild passion fruit (Passiflora cincinnata) in the soil without and covered with plastic film. The period from transplanting to pruning of the main stem, stem diameter, absolute and relative growth rate in plant height and stem diameter and number of productive branches were evaluated. The salinity of irrigation water does not limit height growth, but reduces growth in stem diameter and the number of productive branches, especially in plants in soil without plastic mulching. The sour passion fruit grafted on Passiflora cincinnata has lower growth rates and fewer productive branches. The application of plastic mulching is recommended to obtain greater growth and a greater number of productive branches in sour passion fruit under saline water, regardless of the propagation method.