Análise comparativa entre os modelos digitais de elevação dos sensores alos palsar e SRTM em estudos ambientais do município de Areia-PB

Abstract

One of the first and most commonly implemented methods in hydrological or enviromental analyzes is the morphometric characterization of hydrographical basins. The present study aimed to execute the morphometrical characterization of hydrographical basins and the extraction of its headwaters at the municipality of Areia, Paraíba, through methods of geoprocessing. The results were obtained through the free, open-source Geographic Information System (QGIS) and through the Digital Elevation Model (MDE) from ALOS PALSAR 12,5 m resolution images, generating an enviromental basis that subsidizes informations to the comprehension of the hydrological dynamics and the handling and conservation of its soil and water. A navigation GPS we utilized to locate and verify the headwaters in site, from which 6 (six) were validated. The Administrative Political Division (DPA), established in 2022, and MDE of 12,5 m resolution altered the quantity of delimited hydrographical basins and its respective morphomteric parameter values compared to those obtained through MDE of 30 m resolution and through the updated 2018 DPA version, offering more accurate data to future research on hydrological dynamics. From the perspective of morphometrical delimitation and characterization, the last DPA version, from 2022, and the Digital Elevation Model from ALOS PALSAR 12,5 m resolution images changed the scenario of hydrographical microbasins in the municipality of Areia in counterpoint to the use of DPA and MDE by Andrade e Machado (2018), what supports the necessity of replication of this type of research utilizing updated and more precise geotechnologies and databasis to assist the handling and planning of sustainable hydrographical basins. The MDE of ALOS PALSAR can be used to identify headwaters, subsidizing denser studies on the quality of its water and its conservation condition, a subject that is proposed to further research, because, from the analised headwaters, only one of those is well preserved.