Identificação e caracterização morfométrica de nascentes no município de Alagoinha, Paraíba, com uso de geotecnologias

Abstract

Geoprocessing has proven to be a fundamental tool in the study of natural resources, especially in river basins. The objective of the present study was to use Geotechnology to carry out the morphometric characterization of the micro-basins located in the municipality of Alagoinha PB, as well as to identify the points of springs to evaluate the conditions in which these environments are found. The data were obtained through the GIS - Geographic Information System, using the free software QGIS version 3.14 and using MDEs - Digital Elevation Models of images from the SRTM Sensor with a spatial resolution of 30m and the ALOS PALSAR Sensor with a spatial resolution of space of 12.5m. The following were generated for the study area: the hydrographic micro-basins, the drainage network and the junctions representing the springs. From the results obtained, it was possible to verify that the micro-basins studied had, for the most part, an elongated shape, having good drainage density, a medium hydrographic density, with varying elevations and are composed of straight main rivers to very sinuous rivers. Of the springs located in the municipality, seven (07) were selected for on-site visits, in order to validate and verify environmental aspects. The use of GIS and SRTM and ALOS PALSAR Images proved to be fundamental tools in generating results for the study area and can assist in decision-making by management bodies for the maintenance and preservation of micro-basins in other municipalities.