Sinais e sintomas otológicos na disfunção temporomandibular: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) affects many individuals around the world and the diagnosis, although complex, due to the most different signs and symptoms that covers a wide range of clinical joint and muscular problems in the orofacial region. Among the signs and symptoms, the patient can presents sensitivity to palpation of the masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) itself, pain, headaches, hypermobility, restrictions and deviation in the mandibular trajectory and joint noises. Objective: To discuss the prevalence of otological signs and symptoms in temporomandibular disorders. Method: This is a literature review carried out in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Scielo databases, using the keywords “otological signs”, “temporomandibular joint” and “temporomandibular dysfunction”, covering articles published between 2018 and 2023, which reported clinical data on the relationship between TMD and otological signs. 15 articles were included. Discussion: The articles analyzed did not specify a characteristic otological symptom in TMD, addressing the symptoms in general, which in many cases are related to oral habits. There was a discrepancy regarding the prevalence of otological symptoms in TMD due to sex and age, although they occur more frequently in women and younger individuals. The same occurs with regard to the existence of hearing loss, a divergent issue in the articles. The degrees of severity of TMD were also associated with a greater existence of otological and audiological symptoms. Finals Considerations: The articles analyzed are quite cohesive in relating the existence of otological symptoms to temporomandibular dysfunction, although they do not corroborate the incidence of each symptom. The otological symptoms related to temporomandibular disorder most found in the literature are otalgia, hearing loss and ear fullness and tinnitus, the latter being the most frequent symptom