Técnica "bocaj" na restauração de área degradada em floresta tropical seca

Abstract

The intensive exploitation of natural resources and the overgrazing in caatinga area has contributed to the alteration of the natural dynamics causing the environmental degradation. And because of this, strategies that seek to decrease and reverse this scenario have been developed. This work aimed to evaluate the potentiality of the nucleating technique “bocaj” in the restoration of caatinga area in Seridó da Paraíba. The research was conducted at the Cachoeira de São Porfirio Experimental, located in Santa Luzia - PB, in february/2020 to march/2021. The design adopted was in randomized blocks, with four repetitions and five treatments, represented by the seed bank of four tree species: catingueira (Cenostigma pyramidale), mofumbo (Combretum leprosum), jurema preta (Mimosa tenuiflora), umburana (Commiphora leptophloeos) and the mixture between the seed bank of these species, removed under the canopy of these plants and distributed in hollows with different depths (10 and 20 cm). The data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and when significant, the effects of treatment unfolding were evaluated as a function of the months of evaluation and effect of the unfolding as a function of treatments and depths. The species Cnidoscolus quercifolius was the most frequent appearing in all treatments evaluated. The seed bank from the catingueira differed statistically for the variables studied as a function of the months of evaluation. The technique of nucleation “bocaj” proved to be a viable and effective methodology in the restoration of degraded areas, serving as an important tool in combating desertification in the semiarid.