Experiências de aprendizagem com o cinema para a formação humana: percepções dos(as) educandos(as) nos anos finais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This scientific research is a study on education and cinema, more specifically on pedagogical practices at school, motivated by observations of research projects originating from the interests of the students themselves involving the use of cinema. The main objective of this research is to analyze the learning experiences from cinema, which can potentiate the pedagogical practices aimed at human formation in the final years of Elementary School. In this context, the following questions are to be answered: How can learning experiences from cinema potentiate the pedagogical practice directed to students’ human formation? What knowledge do learners recognize through learning experiences from cinema? Then, the hypothesis raised is that, because of its uniqueness, cinema contributes significantly to the formation of the human being when coordinated with the pedagogical proposal of the school, whereby it is possible for the students to declare their own experiences as learning experiences. This study adopted a qualitative methodological approach, and – given the subjective nature of the phenomenon, in addition to the need to describe it and relate it with life experience – a phenomenological approach. Regarding the procedures, as for the ends, this is an exploratory field research while, as for the means, it is a bibliographical, empirical and documental study, which uses official sources of the Brazilian legislation, as well as students’ portfolios, pedagogical proposal, records, and notes. To collect the data, participant observation was used, as well as document analysis and semi-structured interviews with students of the final years of Elementary School. Regarding the interpretation and categorization of the data, we used the categorical Content Analysis of Bardin (2016). The data indicate that cinema is linked to the pedagogical proposal of the school through learning projects and scripts, pedagogical workshop, student committee, and film club. We perceive that students recognize learning experiences related to the issues of perception of themselves, of others, and of the world through collective creation and the bonds created in learning situations motivated by experiences with cinema.