Análise de tendências das doenças cardiovasculares no Brasil e assistência fisioterapêutica nos três níveis de complexidade: série temporal do Sistema Único de Saúde entre 2011 e 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, in Brazil there is a prevalence of approximately 35% of the population. In Brazil, the contingent of care provided by the Unified Health System in cardiovascular care represented 0.27% of all procedures in the early 2000s. The overload of the tertiary sector due to hospitalizations of patients with heart failure in regions with low outpatient coverage has already been reported in the literature. According to cardiovascular rehabilitation guidelines, professional physiotherapists are trained in the prevention, outpatient care, and intensive care. There are still no analyses on cardiovascular physiotherapy in view of the demands for care in the SUS. Based on the above, it is necessary to observe the impacts of cardiovascular disease and production in low, medium, and high complexities of physiotherapy in cardiovascular disease in Brazil. Objective: To analyze data on cardiovascular disease and the production of physiotherapy in cardiovascular disease at the three levels of complexity between 2011 and 2021. Method: This is a descriptive and epidemiological observational study using DATASUS with raw extraction by TabWin, being collected by SIH/ SUS and SIA/SUS, transforming the variables into rates and making a temporal analysis of trends with joinpoint regression® software. Results and discussion: in the decade 2011 to 2021, a. mortality and permanence in Brazil remained stable while hospitalizations, hospital costs, and professional services tended to increase, by region, the North and Northeast showed more aggravated rates in relation to the Southeast, South and Midwest. Nationally, low-complexity physiotherapy has tended to decrease, while medium-complexity has increased and high-complexity stability. Conclusion: Regional asymmetries are perceived in cardiovascular disease, to the point that in Brazil physiotherapy in low complexity suffered a sharp inflection, an increase in medium complexity, and stability in high complexity.