CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO PENSAMENTO DE CARL GUSTAV JUNG PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA PSICOLOGIA DO INCONSCIENTE

Abstract

The unconscious is a research topic that occupies an essential place in some of the psychological theories that appeared at the end of the 19th century and is still part of medicine and psychology studies to this day. Notably, based on Freud's studies, this topic receives special attention and many developments in relation to the discovery of the psychogenic nature of mental illnesses are considered. However, Carl Gustav Jung adopts a new perspective in relation to the unconscious, identifying in it layers that he called personal unconscious and collective unconscious, which brings a new conception to the understanding of the dynamics of the unconscious and concepts related to the psychogenesis of mental illnesses. This study is justified by the importance given to the unconscious, both in the past and in the present, and its relationship with the etiology of mental illnesses. This work was conducted through bibliographical research conducted, fundamentally, in the collection of Jung's complete works and in the book Jung: Vida e Obra, written by Nise da Silveira. The aim of the work is to identify Carl Gustav Jung's contributions to the development of the psychology of the unconscious and reflect on the importance of his thinking in understanding the psychogenesis of mental illnesses. When developing studies on Analytical Psychology, Jung significantly expands and differentiates some concepts in relation to Freudian Psychoanalysis. In this sense, this work addresses the context of the separation between Freud and Jung, as well as themes related to the conceptualization of libido, the importance of dreams, the structure of the psyche and the role of the unconscious in understanding the etiology of neuroses and psychoses. Furthermore, the issue relating to what Jung called the Individuation Process is also introduced.