ALIENAÇÃO PARENTAL E VIOLÊNCIA INTRAFAMILIAR: LEMBRANÇAS DOS ADULTOS SOBRE OS CONFLITOS VIVENCIADOS NA INFÂNCIA

Abstract

The present study aimed to analyze the extent to which intrafamily violence explains exposure to parental alienation behaviors. To achieve this, the specific objectives were (1) to adapt the Baker Strategy Questionnaire (BSQ) to the Brazilian context, gathering evidence of the instrument's internal structure and precision; (2) understand the relationship between intrafamily violence and exposure to parental alienation behaviors; (3) verify the predictive power of family violence and exposure to parental alienation behaviors. 210 people who had separated parents in childhood or adolescence participated (Age = 23 years; SD = 3.91). In most cases of separation there was no court decision on custody of the children, but an agreement between the parties so that the mother would have custody of the child or teenager. They answered the Baker Strategy Questionnaire (BSQ), the Children's Natural Environment Signaling Scale and the sociodemographic questionnaire. The exploratory factor analysis, carried out in Factor, indicated a single-factor structure of the BSQ questionnaire. Reliability was satisfactory for the result of the father BSQ (α = 0.96 and ω = 0.96) and the mother BSQ (α = 0.95 and ω = 0.95). Furthermore, with SPSS (version 21) Pearson's r correlation was performed, which showed positive and significant relationships between the factors of intrafamily violence (physical abuse, emotional abuse, coercion and control) and exposure to parental alienation behaviors by the father and by the mother. Regarding the regression, it was found that emotional abuse was a predictor of exposure to parental alienation behaviors by the father, while control and physical abuse predicted exposure to parental alienation behaviors by the mother. It is concluded that the instrument presented psychometric evidence for the Brazilian context, in addition to significant relationships between the variables, and could be a valid tool in the judicial context, specifically in custody disputes.