Fitoplâcton em regiões secas: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Phytoplankton is a polyphyletic group composed of microalgae and photosynthetic bacteria that play a crucial role in primary production and the trophic chain of aquatic environments. Although typically found in humid aquatic regions, it can also survive in aquatic environments of dry areas, where it adapts to challenging conditions. The study in question aims to systematically review the literature on phytoplankton communities in dry regions through a scientometric analysis. The research was based on articles published between 1963 and 2024, collected from the Scopus (Elsevier) database, using specific keywords. After screening the articles, the analyses were deepened with the aid of VOSviewer software to build bibliometric networks and visualize the frequency and relationships between the most recurring terms in the publications. The period with the highest number of studies was from 2011 to 2020, reflecting an increase in discussions about the impacts of climate change on aquatic ecosystems. The fields of Agricultural and Biological Sciences were most prominent in the publications, with observational studies being predominant. Cyanobacteria were the most frequent species, associated with eutrophication in temporary environments. It is concluded that the growing body of research on phytoplankton in dry regions reflects the increasing concern about the effects of climate change. This rise in publications may contribute to environmental preservation policies and provide a more precise understanding of phytoplankton distribution and the impacts of climate change on these ecosystems.