Influência de fertilizante foliar no porte e na produtividade de variedades híbridas de milho

Abstract

In Northeastern Brazil, corn productivity is still low, especially due to environmental factors, such as drought, which negatively interfere. The use of hybrids and foliar fertilizers emerge as a way to increase its productive performance. Given the above, this study aimed to evaluate the response of the use of foliar fertilizer based on N, B, Mo and Zn on the size and productive yield of hybrid corn varieties and the interaction between the hybrids. The study was carried out in the agricultural area of the Experimental Farm Chã de Jardim, belonging to the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Paraíba (CCA/UFPB), Areia - PB. Six corn hybrids were used (AG1051 from Agroceres, AS1868 from Agrooeste, K9555 from KWS Sementes, DKB356 from Dekalb, MC20 from Embrapa and B2612PWU from Brevant), in sowing, with a population of 55,000 plants/hectare. At 30 and 45 days after sowing, foliar fertilizers with macronutrients and micronutrients were applied directly to the leaves of the corn plants. Approximately 70 days after sowing, the six hybrid varieties were evaluated for plant height, height to the first ear, stem diameter, number of internodes, leaf length and width, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight and productivity. The design used was randomized blocks, with 20 replicates, with ten plants used as control, to which fertilizers were not applied and ten plants where they were applied. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared according to the Tukey test at 5% probability. There was no significant effect according to the F test between the treatments with or without the use of foliar fertilizer, for any characteristic evaluated. However, there were significant differences in relation to the hybrid varieties for all vegetative characteristics and for the characteristics, ear length, number of rows per ear and ear diameter. Among the investigated hybrids, AG1051 stood out among the others when foliar fertilizer was used. Furthermore, the hybrids B2612PWU and AS 1868 proved to be efficient, with good possibility of use together with the AG1051 variety in crops in Paraíba. Even though there was no significant difference between the treatments, it was possible to observe a gain of approximately 468 kg/ha and with that we must ask ourselves if it is not worth it for the producer to use the product more corn.