Avaliação da contaminação do solo por formas evolutivas parasitárias em Praças Públicas da Cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba

Abstract

Soil is a contributor to the spread of several zoonoses, especially those that are part of the parasitic group. The objective of this work was to evaluate soil contamination by parasitic evolutionary forms in public squares in the city of João Pessoa in Paraíba. The research was carried out in public squares in João Pessoa - PB and in the UFPB Parasitology Laboratory on Campus I. Soil samples were collected from six squares: Parque Solon de Lucena (Centro), Praça da Independência (Tambiá), Praça do Caju (Bessa), Praça Alcides Carneiro (Manaíra), Praça Nossa Senhora da Paz (Banking) and Praça Bela (Staff II). The parasitological methods used were: Hoffman, Pons and Janer, Rugai, Mattos and Brisola and Faust et al. 30 samples were analyzed and 14 (46.7) of them were contaminated by some parasitic species. Of the six squares analyzed, four (66.7%) were positive for the presence of parasites. Three distinct parasitic species were found: Strongyloides stercoralis, Toxocara sp. and Ancylostoma spp. The place with the most positivity was Parque Solon de Lucena, with 5/14 (36%) of positive samples, Praça Alcides Carneiro 4/14 (29%), Praça Nossa Senhora da Paz 3/14 (21%) and Independence Square 2/14 (14%). Eggs were observed in 4/4 of the positive squares and larvae in 3/4. Eggs of Ancylostoma spp. were found in 5/14 (35.7%) of the contaminated samples and eggs of Toxocara sp. in 3/14 (21.4%), while larvae of Ancylostoma spp. were seen in 7/14 (50%), Strongyloides stercoralis in 11/14 (78.5%) and both species together in 6/14 (42.8%) samples. The method of Hoffman, Pons and Janer was the most significant among all. It is concluded that the results of this research were significant and there is a need for actions that can reduce sources of contamination, such as the introduction of fences and bars, encouraging owners to collect feces from their animals, teaching prophylaxis practices for population and maintain adequate sanitary conditions in squares and parks.