ANÁLISE DO HISTÓRICO GESTACIONAL E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A EXPECTATIVA EM RELAÇÃO AO PARTO EM GESTANTES ATENDIDAS NA MATERNIDADE DO HULW

Abstract

Childbirth is a critical event in the transition to motherhood. Regardless of parity, this moment is unique in the woman's life, being at the same time expected and feared by the pregnant woman and her family members. The specific moment of giving birth is usually associated with fear and countless expectations that are developed throughout pregnancy and can create a vicious cycle in this very important moment, where fear stimulates tension that, in turn, stimulates pain. This can all have a great influence on the initial relationship of the maternal-fetal binomial. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of fear of childbirth in pregnant women attended at the maternity ward of the University Hospital Lauro Wanderley (HULW), of the Federal University of Paraíba. This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, with a sample composed of 97 pregnant women. Data collection was performed through the application of sociodemographic and gestational history questionnaires, in addition to The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (Version A), used to assess the expectation regarding the moment of delivery before it occurred. For statistical analysis, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM, Armonk, USA) was used during data processing, considering a 95% confidence interval. It was observed that the sample was between 18 and 45 years old. According to the Score defined by Wijma in the original version of the W-DEQ, fear was considered reduced in 21.6% of cases, moderate in 49.5% and high in 28.9%. Regarding the association between fear and previous gestational history, only the presence of previous abortion showed statistical significance with an inversely proportional relationship. The presence of moderate to high fear was not related to parity and/or type of previous delivery. Thus, this study shows that the sample of pregnant women attended at HULW was defined by a moderate fear of delivery, presenting, in only 1 out of 97 interviews, a score above 100, fitting into tocophobia, according to other international studies. This result highlights the need for further research about the theme with the local population, as well as the importance of improvement in preparation during prenatal care and in a multiprofessional support network.