PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS A TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO POR CÂNCER DE TIREOIDE EM UM HOSPITAL DE REFERÊNCIA NO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA ENTRE 2016 A 2019

Abstract

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy in the world and has an increasing incidence. In Brazil, it is the seventh most frequent cancer. We aim to trace the epidemiological profile and characterize the anatomopathological aspects of this cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational and cross-sectional study involving patients with thyroid cancer treated surgically in a referral hospital in the State of Paraíba between 2016 and 2019. The epidemiological characteristics of the patients (gender, age and ethnicity), anatomopathological characteristics, staging and risk of tumor recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 422 patients were considered eligible, representing a total of 605 thyroid cancer lesions. There was a predominance of this cancer in females (84.8%), in the age group between 41 and 60 years (mean of 47.6 years) and in brown (52.1%). Papillary carcinoma was the most prevalent type (94.1% of patients and 95% of lesions), with most patients presenting a single lesion (66.82%), diameter up to 1 cm (61.2%), without the presence of capsule, angiovascular and perineural infiltrations, endolymphatic embolization, extrathyroid extension or margin compromised by the neoplasm. A minority of cases (14%) presented cervical lymph node metastases. The patients had postoperative staging in early stages and low risk of tumor recurrence. Parathyroid gland exeresis occurred in a few cases (11.6%). CONCLUSION: The profile of patients found was of women, aged between 41 and 60 years (with a mean of 47.6 years) and mulatto. Most of the lesions were papillary carcinoma, unifocal, up to 1 cm, without aggressive anatomopathological characteristics, with stages in early stages and with low risk of recurrence.