PREVALÊNCIA DOS TRANSTORNOS GASTRINTESTINAIS FUNCIONAIS EM LACTENTES MENORES DE 6 MESES DE VIDA

Abstract

Functional gastrointestinal disorders of infants are organic and transient disorders. The diagnosis is clinical and important to avoid unnecessary treatments and reassure the parents. The objective of the research was to determine the general and individual prevalence of regurgitation, colic, dysquesia, vomiting and abdominal distention in infants younger than 6 months of age treated at the Child Care sector of the University Hospital Lauro Wanderley and at a private clinic in João Pessoa; analyze whether there is a relationship with the type of delivery, sex, gestational age and weight. Methodology: This is a quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional and prospective study. The study population consisted of children up to six months old, treated at the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital and at a private clinic. Data were acquired through a form applied to parents on the Google Forms platform. The sample consisted of 500 infants. Results: The prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants was 78.2% (n: 391), of which 90.3% had regurgitation, 73.4% colic, 59.1% dysquesia, 48.3% abdominal distention, 20, 2% vomiting and 11% changes in stool. When evaluating individually, it was verified that (n: 391): 5% had one symptom, 20.2% two symptoms, 37.1% three symptoms , 23.8% four symptoms, 9% five symptoms and 4% six symptoms; with an average of 3.24. Of 384 patients (n: 500) with adequate weight for gestational age, 292 had one or more than one functional gastrointestinal disorder (p = 0.087); of 62 patients with low weight for gestational age, 55 patients showed (p = 0.037); Of 54 patients with increased weight for gestational age, 44 patients had one or more of a functional gastrointestinal disorder (p = 0.041). Regarding the gender of the infants (n: 500), 80.5% of the females (p = 0.597) and 75.3% of the males (p=0.438) had a functional gastrointestinal disorder. In the association between feeding and infant functional gastrointestinal disorder, 72.2% (p = 0.091) who were exclusively breastfed, 88% (p = 0.041) who were on mixed feeding and 92% (p = 0.014) who were on use only infant formula, had a functional gastrointestinal disorder of the studied infant. Regarding delivery, 55.8% were eutocic (p = 0.931) 44.2% were surgical (p = 1.100). Furthermore, 97% were term patients and 3% were preterm patients. Conclusion: The prevalence is high and deserves attention because it is a condition that causes distress to parents/guardians. In view of this, it is important to inform the parents/guardians about the colic, regurgitation, dysquesia, changes in the stool, abdominal distension and vomiting, so that there is a distinction between the physiological and the pathological. In addition, it is common for infants to have more than one symptom. The finding found between the type of feeding and the functional gastrointestinal disorders is significant and early measures can be taken, such as observing what the infant is fed, as well as whether there is a relationship with maternal feeding.