ANÁLISE DOS DESFECHOS DE TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL DE HIV EM CRIANÇAS NASCIDAS NOS ANOS DE 2019 E 2020 ACOMPANHADAS NO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO LAURO WANDERLEY – HULW

Abstract

The vertical transmission of HIV can be effectively prevented in pregnant women and exposed children. This work aims to compare the outcomes of vertical transmission of HIV in children born in 2019 and 2020 and followed up in a maternal-infant health service in Paraíba, Brazil. Methodology: This is a retrospective cohort study, conducted at the Serviço de Assistência Especializada (SAE), through the analysis of the epidemiological notification form and medical records of exposed children. Results: 182 children were reported in 2019 and 2020, 86 in 2019 and 96 in 2020. Of these, 62.6% were born with adequate weight for gestational age, 14.3% were small for gestational age, 3.8% large for age and 19.2% of cases with unknown data. During follow-up, 56% received prophylaxis with zidovudine (ZDV), 28% with ZDV and nevirapine (NVP), 1.1% with NVP alone, and 14.84% with unknown information. In 2019, 3 children were infected and 1 in 2020, through breastfeeding and late diagnosis of infection. The loss of follow-up was greater among those born in 2020. The vertical transmission rate of HIV in exposed children born in 2019 and 2020 was 2.2%. When comparing the outcomes, there was no statistically significant difference between the years before and during the COVID 19 pandemic. Conclusion: Despite exposure to the virus and ART, children were born with good vitality. It was evident that the number of follow-up consultations is related to the completion of the investigation. However, loss of follow-up is still a greater barrier in 2020, year one of the COVID 19 pandemic. On the other hand, ignored data in medical records represent obstacles in clinical and epidemiological follow-up.