Proposta de trilha ecológica para ensino de geografia em um fragmento de mata atlântica da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa

Abstract

The teaching of Geography often limits itself to theory in the classroom, disregarding the importance of practical experience and immersion in the natural environment. Geographic Education stands out by adopting sustainability principles, encouraging environmental conservation and critical awareness of the society-nature relationship. Ecological trails enhance this approach by providing direct experiences with natural phenomena and environmental interactions, promoting sustainable values and environmental citizenship. This study presents a proposal for an ecological trail focused on Geographic Education, conducted on Campus I at CCEN/UFPB. Approximately 250 meters in length, the trail connects the CCEN parking lot to a fragment of the Atlantic Forest and is divided into three thematic stops: microclimate, cartography, and biodiversity conservation. At each point, practical activities such as microclimate observation, cartographic analysis, and species conservation involve the use of maps, topographic profiles, and remote sensing data. The first point highlights how vegetation influences the microclimate, with average temperatures up to 6.4°C higher in more urbanized areas compared to less urbanized areas with greater vegetation presence, reinforcing the importance of green spaces. At the "Geography Square," participants explore cartographic interpretation to identify species along the route. Finally, in the Atlantic Forest fragment, the activity addresses species conservation and the relevance of vegetation for climate regulation and biodiversity. This proposal aims to develop cartographic skills and environmental awareness, integrating vegetation, climate, and conservation in urban and natural spaces.