Dinâmica espaço-temporal e estrutural da cobertura e uso da terra da sub-bacia hidrográfica do Rio Tinto entre os anos de 1985, 2001 e 2020

Abstract

Changes in the landscape are an integral part of it, being largely caused by anthropogenic factors that cause changes in structure and function. Studies that seek to identify environmental transformations in river basins influence the planning and management of the area. The present work aimed to carry out a spatial-structural analysis of the coverage and use of the Tinto River sub-basin in the last 5 decades (1985 to 2021) using images from the Landsat satellite, aiming to monitor the environmental and structural changes of the Tinto River subbasin. Images from the Landsat 5 and 7 satellite were used to map and analyze the dynamics of land cover and use and structural analysis of forest remnants through landscape metrics: size, edge, shape and core area. The results show that the main changes that occurred in the landscape were the conversion of the natural ecosystem class into agricultural ones. The SBHRT forest remnants are predominantly composed of fragments <5 hectares that are under edge effect, disjunct core areas and irregular shapes in all observed years. The structural constraints and the analysis of the dynamics show worrying results, since in each observed year the conversion of larger fragments into smaller structures is noted. It is recommended that different institutional spheres join forces to promote strategies that aim to strengthen the existing fragments.