Relação dose-resposta de um mix de cepas potencialmente probióticas (limosilactobacillus fermentum 139, 263 e 296) na microbiota intestinal de ratos wistar machos e fêmeas

Abstract

Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. Limosilactobacillus fermentum 139, 263, and 296 are potentially probiotic strains isolated from a byproduct of fruit processing, with reported immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic properties. However, it is unclear whether L. fermentum 139, 263 and 296 modulates gut microbiota in a dose- and sexspecific manner. This study aimed to evaluate the gut microbiota composition of male and female Wistar rats after treatment with a mix of L. fermentum 139, 263, and 296 at different doses. Thirty Wistar rats (15 male and 15 female) were grouped into the control group (CTL), the group receiving L. fermentum at a dose of 108 CFU/mL (Lf-108), and a group receiving L. fermentum at a dose of 1010 CFU/mL (Lf-1010) for 90 days. After this period, gut microbiota composition was evaluated by DNA sequencing. Administration of L. fermentum did not change the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in female, but administration of Lf-108 or Lf-1010 significantly reduced the ratio in male rats. Results also demonstrated a change in the relative abundance of bacteria at phylum, family, and genus levels. And a correlation of increase of Lachnospiraceae relative abundance with decrease of IL-1 β levels, and a correlation of increase of Lactobacillaceae relative abundance and higher levels of IL-10. The treatment with Lf-1010 increased the alpha diversity of the gut microbiota of male rats. In conclusion, treatment with different doses of the potentially probiotic strains of L. fermentum 139, 263, and 296 in male and female rats promoted changes in the composition of the gut microbiota in both sexes, with an increase in the relative abundance of phyla, families, and genera with reported benefits for the host health.