Oralidade e escrita: relações e impactos na formação do sujeito comunicativo

Abstract

Orality and writing are essential elements in the construction of the communicative subject, profoundly influencing individuals' intellectual, social, and cultural development. Orality, as a form of spontaneous and interactive communication, facilitates the immediate exchange of ideas and strengthens skills such as argumentation and active listening. Writing, in turn, contributes to the organization and permanence of thought, allowing individuals to record and deepen knowledge. Walter Ong (1982) discusses the cognitive differences between oral and written cultures, highlighting the impact of writing on the structuring of abstract thought and the construction of critical consciousness. Paul Zumthor (1993) explores orality as a performative phenomenon that, beyond its communicative function, serves as a manifestation of cultural and social identity. These two practices, when integrated into educational contexts, have the potential to form more complete and critical communicative subjects, capable of interpreting and expressing ideas across diverse contexts. However, literature points to challenges in this process, such as an overemphasis on formal writing and the neglect of orality in traditional education. Paulo Freire (1987) emphasizes the importance of a critical linguistic education that values both practices, promoting autonomy and citizenship. The integration of orality and writing contributes not only to linguistic development but also to the construction of cognitive and social skills, making individuals better prepared for active and responsible participation in society.