Análise da (des)igualdade por gênero no mercado de trabalho brasileiro e a transfobia estrutural: uma problemática a ser combatida

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the main reasons that determine (dis)equality in the Brazilian labour market based on gender and race, with transgender people as the main subject of the research. The increase in unemployment and social inequality is accentuated in phases of economic crisis and reconfigures labour relations. New occupations emerge as a result of the technologies implemented, digitalisation and automation in production cycles, which require the workforce to (re)qualify. For the transgender population, the Brazilian labour market presents various obstacles and challenges, and prejudice is one of the barriers preventing them from entering formal jobs. Sex work is therefore the option for transsexual women and transvestites to access employment and income. This type of activity is marked by various forms of vulnerability and violence, with no social protection. Therefore, the concentration of the transgender population in the sex market manifests itself as a survival strategy. The main methodological guideline was a theoretical review on the themes of labour, gender and inequalities, as well as an analysis of secondary data. Among the results achieved, we highlight the difficulty trans people have in accessing educational institutions, and the lack of training and management of their professional careers. Black women are at a greater competitive disadvantage, a condition that extends to trans women and transvestites. With the support of public policies and the qualification of a workforce for productive activities, it is possible to improve the competitiveness and success of people with different gender identities in the labour market. It is therefore necessary to create dignified productive occupations, especially as an income opportunity for transgender people.