Aspectos da imunidade adquirida à malária e sua modelagem matemática

Abstract

Malaria is still a serious public health problem worldwide and the discussions generated from studies of this disease are very important for its understanding and containment. Over time, several epidemiological models have emerged aiming to capture the essence of malaria transmission, some taking into account seasonal effects, reinfections, types of mosquitoes, immunity and even its dynamics in relation to treatments and vaccines. Malaria is an infectious disease that has a higher incidence of cases in regions with tropical and subtropical climates, due to high temperatures and rainfall, factors that make the environment conducive to the development of the transmitting mosquito. Regarding the duration of the infection caused by the malaria vector, this period may vary depending on the individual's exposure to the protozoan. This work seeks to present aspects of acquired immunity to malaria through epidemiological modeling relating humans and mosquitoes in a compartmental model. The qualitative study and simulations of the model presented attest to the influence of acquired immunity on the dynamic process of malaria transmission.