De onde fala a diplomacia feminina indígena ? : as vozes de mulheres indígenas brasileiras nas Conferências das Partes (COP26/COP27)

Abstract

Seeking to harmonize the dynamics of capital growth with the limits of biophysical systems, the Conferences of the Parties (COPs), the decision-making body of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), was established to be a space for global climate debates for the development of specific protocols and agreements on this topic. With indigenous women gaining strength in debates related to global climate change debate, the articulation of different leaders, through indigenous female diplomacy, emerges so that their knowledge/doings and demands may be incorporated into diplomatic spaces and discussions about climate change like the COPs. Aiming to understand how the voices of Brazilian indigenous women impact on climate decision-making spaces, through an exploratory and decolonial investigation, the research is based on analyzes and semi-structured interviews carried out at COP26, in Glasgow, Scotland, and at COP27, in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt. At first, the matrix of colonial power in the era of Modernity/Coloniality is approached, exploring the themes of knowledge, climate and gender and discussing indigenous diplomacy as a form of detachment and reappropriation of traditional discourses. Accordingly, the context, establishment and frameworks of the UNFCCC, the main agreements of the COPs and indigenous participation in these conferences are explored. The final chapter analyzes the agendas, discussions, and outcomes of COPs 26 and 27, focusing on the voices and diplomatic practices of Brazilian indigenous women. As a result, using the Collective Subject Discourse (DSC) as a technique for analyzing the discourses of the interviewed Brazilian indigenous women, four Central Ideas (CIs) emerged through their collective voice: (1) The COP for indigenous women: space alignments and denouncements; (2) From communities to COP: Challenges faced in climate decision-making spaces; (3) Indigenous female strategies, articulation and incidence; (4) Fighting climate change: Healing the earth crosses indigenous women.