Avaliação microbiológica de sabonetes líquidos faciais

Abstract

Cosmetic products have been used by humans for a long time and are considered to be one of the fastest growing sectors in the world. In practice, cosmetics are rarely associated with cases of serious damage to health. However, this does not mean that cosmetic products are always safe, especially considering the long-term effects. Microbial quality is one of the essential conditions of a cosmetic product, as the presence of viable contaminants or even pathogenic microorganisms can lead to alterations in the formulation, such as loss of efficacy and undesirable appearance, as well as causing health risks to the consumer. Microbiological methods verify that the product is in suitable conditions for use, free from contamination and meeting the specifications pre-established by the National Health Surveillance Agency in order to preserve consumer safety. The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of 10 samples of liquid facial soaps from different brands available in commercial establishments, using the viable microorganism counting method. The proposals were based on evaluating the labeling of the samples to check that the information on the labels complied with current regulations, carrying out microbiological analyses to identify and count mesophilic aerobic microorganisms and molds and yeasts, evaluating the organoleptic characteristics of the samples, as well as measuring the pH and density, checking that they were within the usual standards. The results obtained for labeling showed that 90% of the samples complied with the requirements established by RDC 907/2024. All the samples had satisfactory results in terms of organoleptic properties, while in terms of pH, 80% of the samples had high results, which could compromise skin health. As for density, some samples exceeded the usual values, but they are still acceptable and probably won't have a significant negative impact. When the microbiological analysis was carried out, only 20% of the samples showed significant results. Sample no. 7 showed high contamination with aerobic mesophiles and molds and yeasts, while sample no. 3 showed microbiological contamination with molds and yeasts, so they are not in compliance with RDC no. 907/2024 and the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. In view of the results obtained, it is essential that the legislation for cosmetic products is continually improved to guarantee consumer safety. For example, by reviewing the standards, with an emphasis on labeling, pH levels and microbiological quality, so that the risks linked to the use of cosmetics can be significantly reduced. In addition, imposing stricter monitoring and promoting safe manufacturing practices are crucial steps in ensuring that each product meets the minimum quality specifications already in place.