Fibra em detergente neutro e ácido em dietas para matrizes suínas em gestação

Abstract

This research work consists of a literature review, systematic review and meta-analysis of the implications of neutral and acid detergent fiber in the diet of pregnant sows and on productive performance in the gestation and lactation phase. Chapter I, represented by the literature review, demonstrates that several studies have been carried out in this field of investigation and, depending on the source and level of fiber used, its interaction with the intestinal microbiota has demonstrated strong evidence of improvements to the system. production, despite some inconsistencies between individual studies. Chapters II and III consist of a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between fiber in its fractions determined by NDF and FDA, on productive performance during pregnancy and subsequent lactation, respectively. Systematized searches were carried out in three electronic databases (Pub Med, Web of Science and Scielo), which resulted in findings of 1934 articles. After exclusion and inclusion criteria, the database was composed of 67 studies, of which 32 had the same experimental period (the entire gestation phase) and performance data from 4538 sows were extracted for meta-analysis. An analysis of variance was applied to the generated database, using the SAS software (9.3), the procedure adopted was PROC MIXED and the RANDOM option, in which genetics, birth order, digestible lysine concentration and metabolizable energy were used. as variation factors (random effect). For the response variables of weight gain and bacon thickness during pregnancy, there was no difference (P<0.05) depending on the diet with low, medium and high fiber content based on NDF and ADF values. The number of piglets born and birth weight did not differ significantly (P<0.05). The duration of farrowing of sows fed diets with a medium fiber content (18.17 NDF and 7.07 ADF) was shorter, as was the number of stillbirths in the high fiber group (25.58 NDF and 14.01 of FDA). The body conditions of sows during lactation and the weaning-estrus interval were not affected by NDF and ADF content in the diets (P<0.05). Voluntary feed intake during lactation was improved with the use of fiber-enriched diets during pregnancy. The inclusion of dietary fiber in the feed of pregnant sows, in NDF and ADF values, increases the number of weaned piglets and the weight of piglets at weaning. Pregnancy diets with average values of 14.01% ADF and 25.58% NDF do not affect performance and provided productivity gains.