Aplicações da laserterapia na periodontia – estágio atual

Abstract

Laser is an abbreviation of Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. First hypothesis about light that would be latter primordial to High-Intensity Lasers development was theorized by Isaac Newton about 1675 and 1704. In 1960, Theodore H. Maiman developed the first laser equipment using ruby’s electrons stimulation and in 1965, Leon Goldaman used for the first time laser therapy in dentistry. Non-surgical lasers uses low-level light therapy (LLLT) that promotes bio modulation and bio stimulation, both chemical and molecular. However, surgical lasers use high intensity laser therapy (HILT), which has thermomechanical and photothermic properties. Nowadays, HILT is used in dentistry either for soft tissues or hard tissues. The aim of this paper was show main applications for HILT in periodontics through a literature review of articles published between 2010 and 2015 at the Periódicos CAPES/MEC Portal and PubMed. The articles reviewed show Lasers effectiveness on periodontal procedures in soft and hard tissues, and in some cases, it has been more effective than conventional procedures. Lasers prove to be more effective than air-polishing in periimplantitis treatment, with better clinical and microbiological results after six months of treatment. It was also observed that healing process was better after soft tissue surgery using HILLT. The present review emphasizes the need of others researches, either in vitro or in vivo to better understand the application of HILT in periodontal surgeries and to improve periodontal techniques, taking advantage of the benefits that this therapy brings to periodontal surgery.