Equilibrando os pratos: uma análise dos desafios à segurança alimentar na agricultura familiar paraibana diante da transição energética sustentável

Abstract

This monograph aims to understand whether it is possible to simultaneously achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 and 7 through the adoption of decentralized solar energy by family farmers in Paraíba, Brazil. Based on a qualitative approach, the research combines a critical literature review with semi-structured interviews conducted with leaders of rural associations and cooperatives. The interviews were analyzed using the six dimensions of food security — availability, access, utilization, stability, agency, and sustainability — as proposed by Clapp et al. (2021). Empirical data reveal that although solar energy has generated positive impacts such as reduced operational costs, strengthened productive autonomy, and local innovation prospects, access remains unequal due to the high implementation costs. Thus, the study highlights limitations in current public policies to address the specific needs of rural areas, questioning the real reach of SDG 7 in terms of accessibility. This analysis contributes to the literature by offering a local and cooperative-based perspective on the possibilities of a just energy transition, reinforcing the importance of inclusive and territorialized policies to ensure that the advancement of energy sustainability does not compromise the human right to food.