Estudo clínico e não clínico de um novo composto microcapsulado contendo óleo essencial de Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Blume para pulpotomia de dentes decíduos

Abstract

Pulpotomy is a conservative endodontic treatment that involves the removal of inflamed coronary pulp tissue and maintenance of the integrity of the root pulp tissue by the use of a material that induces the formation of mineralized tissue. Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a microcapsule-based paste containing Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Blume essential oil for pulpotomy of deciduous teeth in vitro, in vivo (animals and humans). Methodology: Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT), longitudinal, prospective, split-mouth type research. The formulation selected for the study in humans was the one that presented the best biological response in the study in animals. For clinical evaluation, 40 volunteers in the age group of 5-8 years were randomly selected showing the need of a pulpotomy on at least two deciduous teeth in different quadrants. The evaluation of the analgesic effect of the product was performed through two scales. For statistical analysis, SPSS and excel software was used. Results: Forty children were clinically evaluated. The CPO-d index showed an average of 3.1 (±1.5), while deciduous dentition had a mean ceo-d of 6.8 (±1.8). On the first month of evaluation, none of the individuals reported pain in the elements treated independently of the material used, as well as no presence of abscess, fistula or mobility was observed. In the evaluation of 3 months, two volunteers reported pain and on the clinical examination the presence of fistula in the region of the element treated with calcium hydroxide as medication and only 2 cases of mobility. In the 6-month appointment, 2 children had lost the dental element treated with calcium hydroxide thus not allowing the comparison with the other element and were excluded and 4 other children simply did not attend. However, there was no report of pain in the remnants and only 2 volunteers treated with calcium hydroxide as well as 1 treated with eugenol presented the presence of clinically visible fistula, leading to the need for exodontia to remove them. When completing 9 months of the procedures, 3 more cases of fistula were evaluated (1 in a tooth treated with eugenol and two with hydroxide and calcium). There was no observation of teeth with abscess and 3 elements appeared mobility due to physiological reasons. At the age of 1 year of evaluation, only 12 children remained and none reported pain, abscess, fistula or mobility in the treated elements. Regarding postoperative pain, female children attributed lower scores on both scales (WB, 3.4±3.2; VAS, 1.7±1.3) when compared to males (WB, 4.4±3.2; VAS, 2.2±1.4). There is no statistically significant difference between gender in relation to the type of scale (WB, p=0.950; vas, p=0.837). Most children felt the need to use medication to control postoperative pain, 52.5% used ibuprofen for three days after the procedure. When relating the type of scale and age of the children, there was no positive correlation (WB=0.264 and VAS= 0.237). The WBFPS scale presented scores from 0 to 10, showing an average of 3.9 (±3.2) and the VAS scale with scores from 0 to 5 presented an average score of 1.97 (±1.4). Conclusion: It is concluded that the microcapsulated cinnamomum Zeylanicum Blume paste shows efficacy in deciduous tooth pulpotomys, presenting biological compatibility, antinflammatory action and formation of mineralized areas in animal pulp; increased control of postoperative pain when compared to calcium hydroxide.