Impacto econômico da fábrica da Stellantis em relação ao município de Goiana

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the economic impacts of the installation of the Stellantis (Jeep) plant in the municipality of Goiana, Pernambuco, inaugurated in 2015. Based on a case study approach and employing the Difference-in-Differences (DID) method, the city of Goiana was compared to the municipality of Belo Jardim to assess the impacts starting from 2012, the year construction of the plant began. The results revealed a significant increase in Goiana's GDP per capita, with a rise of over 900% and an average additional impact of R$ 26,027.20, positioning the city as the highest GDP per capita in Pernambuco by 2017. The average income of formal workers also showed an increase, with a mean rise of R$ 177.62, reflecting improvements in wage conditions. The creation of approximately 6,000 formal jobs and a positive net balance of 1,264 jobs indicate effective labor absorption in the municipality. Additionally, tax revenues, such as IPI and ICMS, registered substantial growth, with increases of R$ 101,939.10 in IPI and R$ 24.9 million in ICMS. The Event Study analysis reinforces these findings by showing that the positive effects on GDP per capita, ICMS and IPI revenue, and real average income gradually consolidated from the third year after the plant began operations. When compared to the results for Belo Jardim, these growths appear significant and reveal a distinct trajectory change attributable to the presence of the Stellantis (Jeep) factory in Goiana.