O bioma da Caatinga e as possibilidades de manejo pela Agricultura Familiar

Abstract

The Caatinga is an exclusively Brazilian biome, located in the Northeast and Southeast regions, covering approximately 11% of the country's area. The biome is home to a rich biodiversity, consisting of several endemic species of fauna and flora, adapted to the extreme conditions of the semi-arid region. Characterized by low rainfall, long periods of drought and high temperatures, the biome presents environmental and social challenges. The number of inhabitants is around 27 million, who live daily with the limitations imposed by the characteristics of the location and, for their subsistence, generally work with agricultural activities and livestock practices. However, this rich biome faces serious problems that threaten its existence. The study aims to analyze and discuss these problems, in addition to presenting viable alternatives and strategies to mitigate the impacts and promote the sustainable conservation of the biome. One of the impasses encountered is the vulnerability of family farming to the environmental and socioeconomic challenges of the region. Unfortunately, extensive practices are widespread in the biome, mostly disregarding the limits of nature. Therefore, it is essential not only to debate these practices, but also to disseminate them and provide training aimed at sustainability.