Suplementação enzimática em dietas com redução nutricional para leitões na fase inicial

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate enzyme supplementation in nutritionally reduced diets for piglets in the initial phase. 40 piglets, males and females, from the commercial Biriba´s line, were used, weaned at 26 days of age with an initial average weight of 7.85±1.27 kg. The animals were distributed in a randomized block design and (DBC) to control differences in initial weight in a factorial scheme (2X2), with four treatments and five replications. The treatments were arranged as follows: DCP – Positive control diet; DCPE - Positive control diet with enzyme complex; DCN Diet with nutritional reduction; DCNE – Diet with nutritional reduction with enzyme complex. There was no interaction effect (P>0.05) for the performance variables, however, there was an effect of diet and enzyme supplementation in periods II and III, nutritional reduction increased daily feed consumption and negatively affected feed conversion , in both periods. Enzyme supplementation negatively affected weight gain and feed conversion in period III. There was a lower incidence of diarrhea in the first period in animals fed the DCN diet when compared to DCP. There was no influence of the diets on the serum biochemical parameters evaluated at 42 and 60 days of age. There was an effect of the nutritionally reduced diet (DCN) on blood phosphorus content at 42 days of age. There was a reduction in the digestibility coefficients of mineral matter and phosphorus when the animals received the diet with nutritional reduction, while the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber coefficients were improved with enzyme supplementation. There was an interaction of factors on the weight of the liver and pancreas, such that the DCNE diet provided lower organ weight. There was no influence of the experimental diets on the analyzed bone parameters. In the morphological parameters of the intestinal epithelium, it was observed that nutritional reduction negatively affected the villi height and absorptive area. It is concluded that the nutritional reduction in diets negatively affected the piglets and that enzyme supplementation (phytase and xylanase) was not sufficient for the nutritional challenge.