Distribuição geográfica das escolas cidadãs integrais e sua relação com a caracterização socioambiental da cidade de João Pessoa/Pb

Abstract

The influence of neoliberal doctrine in Brazil has manifested significantly in the creation and expansion of full-time schools, particularly since the 2000s. Full-time education is an educational model aimed at extending students' time in school and strengthening technical and vocational training. As a result, numerous full-time schools have been established across the country, and more recently, in the State Public Education Network of João Pessoa, Paraíba (PB). Within this context, this study aims to understand the geographic distribution of Integral Citizen Schools (ECIs) and Integral Technical Citizen Schools (ECITs) in the city of João Pessoa/PB and their relationship with the socio-environmental characteristics of the neighborhoods where these schools are located, highlighting issues of infrastructure, lack of sanitation, and the general socioeconomic conditions of the population. To conduct the research, an initial theoretical and documentary survey was carried out based on scientific articles, public reports, and government agency websites to catalog the number and geographic location of these schools. Socio-environmental variables were drawn from the IBGE Demographic Census database (2010), covering three socio-environmental dimensions: Infrastructure, Basic Sanitation, and Social Conditions. It is worth noting that the secondary data used in the study were from the 2010 Demographic Census, as the most recent Census data were not fully available during the research development. Thematic maps were created to spatially analyze and understand the socio-environmental characteristics of the neighborhoods in the capital of Paraíba. This allowed for a better understanding of the geographic distribution of ECIs and ECITs in the territory. It was observed that the majority of full-time schools are located in more peripheral and populous neighborhoods of João Pessoa/PB. Based on the analysis of socio-environmental variables, it was found that the socio-environmental characteristics of the neighborhoods where the schools are located can have a direct influence on education and the infrastructure of these institutions, either favoring or limiting the creation and implementation of various activities in these educational environments especially in the peripheral urban areas of João Pessoa/PB.