O BIM na etapa de orçamentação de obras públicas: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

The budgeting phase of public construction projects often faces recurring issues, such as inaccurate quantity takeoffs, lack of transparency, and a high incidence of contract amendments. These flaws compromise planning, increase costs, and reduce the efficiency of public procurement. In this context, Building Information Modeling (BIM) emerges as a potential solution by integrating 3D models with technical and budgeting data, enabling greater accuracy and automation in quantity takeoffs. This study aims to present an overview of BIM usage in the budgeting phase of public works through a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA protocol. A total of 24 academic articles were selected, classified, and analyzed to outline this panorama. The studies indicate that BIM improves quantity accuracy, reduces errors, and enhances transparency in public budgeting. Despite these benefits, adoption remains limited due to factors such as lack of infrastructure, technical training, and integration with platforms like SINAPI. The analysis also revealed significant gaps, including a lack of research focused on municipal realities, limited investigation into the practical impacts of BIM on completed projects, and the absence of studies linking BIM to the reduction of change orders, deadlines, and costs. Furthermore, there is a lack of critical analysis regarding BIM’s role in calculating indirect costs, a key aspect of budgeting. This work contributes by systematizing key advances, challenges, and gaps in the literature, offering support for future research, public policy development, and strategies that encourage the effective adoption of BIM in public construction budgeting.