Os impactos da pandemia da COVID-19 no equilíbrio econômico-financeiro das empresas de transporte público por ônibus de João Pessoa-PB

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has had economic, social and cultural impacts across the world. The public transport sector was one of the most affected, as the need to adopt restrictive measures to reduce the contamination by the virus led to a sharp drop in the number of passengers. Thus, public transport by bus is the main focus of this work, which sought to understand the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic and financial balance of companies in this system. After a literature review covering urban mobility and the situation of public transport before and during the pandemic, a case study on public transport companies by bus in the city of João Pessoa-PB is presented. The official weekly newspapers of the City Hall of João Pessoa were read in order to identify the restrictive measures adopted from April 2020 to March 2021 and to establish a relationship between them and the variation in passenger demand. In addition, SEMOB JP - Executive Superintendence of Urban Mobility of João Pessoa and ANP - National Agency for Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels were obtained from the necessary data to estimate the revenue and operating cost of bus companies for the same period. It was found that April, May and June 2020 were the months with the highest percentage reduction in demand, and consequently in revenue, compared to the previous year, more than 98% reduction per month. By making the difference between revenue and operating cost, only negative balances were obtained, which shows that the economic-financial balance of companies in the municipality was far from being achieved.