Técnicas para pesquisa de vazamentos de água em sistemas de abasteciment

Abstract

Early and effective detection of water leaks in supply systems is crucial to ensure the sustainable use of water resources and reduce financial losses for companies responsible for sanitation. Various techniques and methodologies used to identify leaks in water distribution networks were explored, with the aim of offering a comprehensive view of common and innovative approaches currently available in articles, monographs, theses and dissertations, based on keywords associated with the title. This project aims to collaborate with the progress of understanding and practices in the field of water resources management, providing useful information for professionals, researchers and managers who work in the operation and maintenance of water distribution systems. The strategic importance of leak detection was highlighted, not only as a measure for water conservation, but also as an essential practice in maintaining water supply infrastructure and guaranteeing the quality of services provided to the community. Both traditional detection methods, such as rod and geophone listening, and advanced technologies were presented, including ground-penetrating radar, gas injection, thermal imaging by infrared sensors, as well as software-based models such as artificial neural networks, analysis by inverse and inverse transient method. Finally, it was possible to identify that the effectiveness of each method varies according to the specific characteristics of each system, depending not only on flow and pressure, but also on the type of soil and its surroundings, as well as the material used in the piping. of the analyzed section