Análise comparativa de custos entre lajes treliçada, maciça e nervurada utilizadas na estrutura da escola padrão do governo do Estado da Paraíba

Abstract

Civil construction is essential for the development of educational infrastructure and to ensure access to quality education, as per Art. 205 of the 1988 Federal Constitution. The construction of public schools is a priority for governments, and optimizing the resources used in this process is essential. Efficient structural designs help to rationalize the use of materials and reduce costs, ensuring the economic forecast of the works. This work aims to perform a comparative cost analysis between three types of slabs – elevated, lattice and ribbed – used in the structure of a standard school of the government of Paraíba. The study follows the current standards for dimensioning reinforced concrete structures, with the aim of identifying the most economical and efficient solution for the modern model chosen. Three different structural solutions were launched in the Eberick® 2022 software and calculations of the quantities of materials, such as formwork area, concrete volume and steel weight. The cost survey was based on data from SINAPI and ORSE, referring to the months of August and June 2024, respectively. The results indicate that the lattice slab presented the lowest total cost, being 29.11% more economical than the accumulated slab and 17.11% cheaper than the ribbed slab. We advise reinforcing the forecast of adopting the lattice slab as the best structural solution, considering the lower demand for materials and ease of execution, which can also contribute to the optimization of the schedule and resources in public works for projects in similar conditions.